By Paul Onehi
Mental health awareness in Nigeria is a pressing issue that urgently requires increased attention and education for the population. Despite affecting millions of individuals, mental health often remains stigmatized and overlooked within Nigerian society. As Africa’s largest economy grapples with severe economic challenges, many citizens are struggling to make ends meet, further exacerbating the mental health crisis. In these trying times, it is vital to bring awareness to the importance of mental health and to engage in open discussions about it.
Mental health is a subject that should not be feared; rather, it warrants serious conversation among friends, families, and communities. Knowledge is power, and understanding mental health is crucial, especially when considering how it impacts us or our loved ones. Just as we receive guidance on maintaining our physical health, we must also prioritize our mental well-being, which is increasingly under siege in today’s stressful world.
One of the significant challenges in addressing mental health in Nigeria is the widespread lack of awareness and understanding. Many individuals hold misconceptions and stereotypes about mental health conditions, leading to discrimination and isolation for those affected. This stigma creates barriers to seeking help, worsening the problem for countless individuals.
Since embarking on my university journey three years ago, I’ve encountered numerous questions from readers regarding mental health. Over time, the number of inquiries has dramatically increased, with many individuals sharing their personal experiences with mental health challenges. As we move into 2024, I encourage continued inquiry and discussion. Mental health truly matters!
Some frequently asked questions about mental health include:
What is mental health?
Everyone has mental health, shaped by our beliefs, thoughts, feelings, and behaviors.
What is mental illness, and how does it manifest?
Mental illnesses are medical conditions that disrupt a person’s thinking, feelings, and ability to relate to others, ultimately affecting their quality of life and daily functioning. Similar to physical illnesses, mental disorders can diminish one’s ability to cope with everyday demands. Mental illnesses are biologically based brain disorders and cannot be overcome through sheer willpower or misguided beliefs. They can affect anyone, regardless of age, religion, race, or income. Common disorders include depression, anxiety disorders, eating disorders, and personality disorders, often presenting symptoms such as mood changes, withdrawal from social activities, and altered personal habits.
What causes mental health problems?
While there is no single cause for mental health issues, research indicates that they often arise from a combination of biological, psychological, and environmental factors. For instance, some mental illnesses have been linked to imbalances in neurotransmitters, which facilitate communication between nerve cells in the brain. Other biological factors can include genetics, infections, and prenatal damage, all of which may increase susceptibility to mental illness.
Psychological factors, such as childhood trauma, dysfunctional family life, and social or cultural pressures, also play a significant role. Experiences of neglect, loss, and feelings of inadequacy can contribute to mental health challenges, impacting individuals’ ability to cope with life’s demands.
How common is mental illness?
According to the National Alliance on Mental Illness, mental illnesses are prevalent, affecting more individuals than conditions like cancer, diabetes, or heart disease.
Can mental illness be cured?
Many people diagnosed early and provided with appropriate treatment can manage their conditions effectively and lead fulfilling lives. However, some may experience recurrences, particularly if they encounter significant stressors.
What are the signs and symptoms of mental illness?
In adults, symptoms may include confused thinking, prolonged sadness or irritability, excessive fear or anxiety, social withdrawal, and drastic changes in eating or sleeping habits. For older children and preteens, symptoms can manifest as substance abuse, defiance, frequent outbursts, and persistent negative moods.
The limited availability and accessibility of mental health services in Nigeria further complicate these challenges. A shortage of mental health professionals, facilities, and resources—especially in rural areas—means many individuals lack access to essential care and support for their mental health needs.
What should I do if I’m concerned about myself or someone else?
The most crucial step is to talk to someone you trust, whether a friend, family member, or healthcare professional. If you’re worried about someone else, express your concern without judgment and encourage them to seek help from someone who can provide support.
To address these issues, it is vital to prioritize mental health awareness and education in Nigeria. This involves destigmatizing mental health, promoting open discussions, and sharing accurate information about common mental health conditions. By fostering a supportive environment, individuals will feel more comfortable seeking help and sharing their experiences.
Moreover, increased investment in mental health resources and services across the country is essential. This includes training more mental health professionals, expanding facilities, and implementing community-based programs to reach underserved populations. By improving access to care and support, more individuals can receive the assistance they need to manage their mental health.
It is important to note that the information provided here is for informational purposes only and should not be used to diagnose any illness. If you or someone you know is struggling with mental health issues, seeking a qualified professional is crucial.
Paul Onehi writes from the University of Maiduguri, Borno State.
